To my eyes, at least initially, it looks like a dipole (upper vertical element and the mast for both sides of said dipole) and a half wavelength loop (the "radials" and hoop area) in parallel with each other, at least as far as the feedpoint is concerned.
A quick and dirty model with a dipole and a half wavelength loop in the vicinity of the lower element of the vertical dipole shows gain over a center fed dipole. It was, however, very touchy when it comes to impedance, specifically the X variable, a change of 0.1 wavelength (10 millimeters, or about 0.4 inches on a 10 meter antenna) changed the X variable by about 150. I've never seen such a big change from such a small adjustment...
Note, this was a simply a model of the concept of a half wavelength loop in parallel with a center fed dipole. It did not even resemble the astroplane design and was more a proof of concept type model. It wasn't refined in the least.
Thanks for the details Eddie, perhaps I'll get a chance to put them in at some point and play with it...
The DB
I agree with you here, because the Patent shows us that the mast can be extended a 1/4 wave above the mount and the antenna will also work. I've modeled this configuration, but I don't remember if it resulted in any differences. If I can find this model I will post it up as well. In looking at this antenna is is very obvious the bottom is some sort of loop and I call it a feeder that happens to radiate in phase with the top and the mast plays a significant part in how the antenna works...I have said before the A/P looks and acts like a big tuner to me.
I'm getting close to the bewitching hour and I don't know what will happen here, but if you don't see me tomorrow...you will know the devil got me.