A tuner is only an impedance transformer. Just like one you plug into the wall to get 9vdc from 120vac, it only changes/matches impedance instead of voltage. That changing, or matching is done -quite- often with a lot of antennas only it's done at the antenna instead of sitting on a table by the transmitter (gamma, beta, 'trombone', delta matches, etc.). It's a simple fact that the input impedance of almost all antennas is very, very seldom 50 ohms with out 'help'. Those coax length thingys do exactly the same thing, just in a different way.
"But tuners have losses!", yep, they sure do. But those losses are typically very small in relation to the loss you'd have if it wasn't used. (Back to those gamma, delta, etc, impedance matching devices, same thing.) Any, and everything, you insert in a feed line contributes losses of some size or other! If those losses amount to less than not using one, then you are better off. That's the whole point of matching impedance to begin!
Can a tuner be used incorrectly? Good grief, yes! Anything can be used incorrectly. The 'trick' is understanding what the thing is intended to do and what it's limitations are. Are tuners a 'cure all' in every case? No! But they can certainly make an unsuitable antenna work in a usable way in a lot of cases.
If you have the choice between using a properly tuned antenna system or using a tuner, then use the properly tuned antenna. If you can't properly tune an antenna and you have a tuner, why not? That applies to not just antennas, but any device that has the 'wrong' impedance.
- 'Doc