The length of the boom and the distance between elements of a beam determine the F/B and gain of that antenna. They are 'trade offs', increase one and you decrease the other. Somewhere in that mix you find a combination that 'works' for you. That holds true for any type of directional antenna, not just yagis. Very basically, that's what the optimizer programs do, vary the element spacing and overall length of beam antennas.
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