I found an interesting story about
Scholtz Star.
To give you a little history, our solar system has the main planets, a region of Asteroids (Asteroid belt) and I'm sure you've heard of Oort Cloud.
Oort Cloud is considered a region just beyond the Suns own heliopause - a termination point of Suns solar wind fighting against the interstellar winds from other stars in our Galaxy. It also contains other more numerous larger ateroids and appears to still be in the evolving stage - for even Hipparcos,
Gaia, Hubble as well as the interstellar ones - we are finding out that we had a recent visitor - a small binary system consisting of a Red Dwarf star and a "failed star" or Brown Dwarf. The discovery was of only recent - looking for perturbations of the many asteroids that zip thru and flay around our solar system in various orbits they recognized a pattern and did research into close - encounters. What they found back in 2013 was a VERY close encounter - in fact so close it had grazed our solar system as it passed by and thru the region of the Oort cloud.
When did this happen? Using Astrometry and Trigonometry - the have projected the path that it came as close as about 52,000AU +/- 20% from the Sun - about 70,000 Years ago. 1AU = 1 Astronomical Unit = 93,000,000 Miles approximately - the Distance the Earth is from the Sun. So 52,000AU is equivalent to about 4,836,000,000,000 miles - if you were to try and caluculate the distance the star passed by at such a time - how long would it take for light to reach earth from that star - let's calculate that -
Speed of light = C = 186,000 Miles/Sec
T? = 4,836,000,000,000 / 186,000
T? = 26,000,000 = Seconds for light to reach back to the Sun or Earth if we were perpendicular to the light emitted by that binary system.
T? = 433,333.33 Minutes
T? = 7,222.22 Hours
T? = 300 Days, 23 hours 30 minutes
Approximately...
So it was less than 1 light year away at closest approach.
By noticing a pattern of asteroid arrivals from one region of the sky, they calculated this flyby grazed past in and around the portion of the sky near the constellation Gemini. Using spectrum analysis - they pretty much determined the asteroids arriving towards the sun (sun grazers) to have similar composition to our nearer earth orbiting objects but are in a more pristine state of halted evolution. The interstellar medium is a very cold and unexplored place.
Why or what caused them to arrive at such an inclined orbit?
Do not confuse this with
Oumaumua - a visitor asteroid that zipped by from another completely different stellar system. It was found to be from another system AFTER it zinged by our planet after it crossed into the inner planet orbits of Venus and Mercury onwards to the sun and flew past us from it's quick diverted path the suns gravity had slogged it towards us. It was not from our system by the spectroscopic analysis as well as orbital path and speed - it came from somewhere else.
There are several articles about it and I only wanted to pique your interest into this further by clicking on the links embedded above or you can download a rather dry read but informative and more technical about
Scholtz's star and it's history. A PDF is attached...