Velocity factor of a 1/4 wave steel whip in air which is the dielectric (the main determining factor of propagation velocity, but type of conductor has effects too) ,lies between .95 and .99 of a wavelength. i ain't getting into that debate.
so here goes
at 100% velocity factor, 1 wavelength at 27.205 mhz = :
299792.458 (exact speed of light) / 27205.000 (exact frequency, unless your using a cb,where it will be as close as dammit) = 11.02m or 11.02 x 3.28 (converts from metres to feet, if you want metres from feet divide by 3.28) = 36.14feet
(or for you hardcore imperial guys 36 feet 1 3/4 inches approx.)
.95vf = 299792.458 / 27.205.000 = 11.02m or 36' 1 3/4" x .95 = 10.47m or 34 feet 4 inches approx. divide that by 4 for a 1/4 wave and you get 2.62m or 8 feet 7 inches give or take a few thou. x12 to give inches = 103.01inches, or 103 inches and a thou or 2.
.96vf = 299792.458 / 27.205.000 = 11.02m or 36' 1 3/4" x.96 = 10.57m or 34 feet 7 inches (approx) /4 = 2.64m or 8' 8"(roughly) x 12 = 104 inches.
.97vf = 299792.458 / 27.205.000 = 11.02m or 36' 1 3/4" x .97 = 10.68m or 35 feet 1/2" give or take a thou or two, /4 = 2.67m or 8' 9" x 12 = 105 inches or so.
.98vf 299792.458 / 27.205.000 = 11.02m or 36' 1 3/4" x .98 = 10.79m or 35 feet 3 3/4 inches or so. /4 = 2.69m = 8 ft 10" x 12 = 106 1/4 inches
so there you have it, no fancy antenna calculators, just a calculator as found on any windows pc and a bit of knowledge and you can instantly see that no matter what people agree the velocity factor of steel is in air, its not going to resonate on 27.205 Mhz if its only 102" Long
i ain't getting involved in vf of steel conductors in air, but my personal opinion is it lies around .97-.98 .
If i recall correctly US steel whips were originally 108",and this 102 inch whip notion came from the fact an antenna that has a fibreglasss coating as the dielectric and not bare, too the air, is where 102 inch whips originally came from.Which would indeed shorten the antenna for resonance, as fibreglass will have a different vf constant to air.
i may be wrong here but i believe 102 inch steel whips were originally designed for uk market which has a higher centre frequency than fcc frequency, and 96 inch whips came from coating uk designed antennas in fibreglass.
it may be sheer coincidence, but i doubt it, that fibreglass coated whips for uk market are 6 inches shorter than the steel ones, and by sheer coincidence 102 inch fibreglass whips are 6 inches shorter than the US steel ones, that used to be sold at 108" , is that sheer coincidence?
Draw your own conclusions.